What does a p-value indicate and what does a 95% confidence interval represent in nutrition research?

What does a p-value indicate and what does a 95% confidence interval represent in nutrition research?

• A. A p-value reflects the probability that the null hypothesis is true; a 95% CI means 95% of individuals have results within the interval.
• B. A p-value <0.05 is commonly used for significance; a 95% CI means we are 95% confident the true effect lies within that range.
• C. A p-value is the probability of the study being correct; a 95% CI is the precision of the estimate.
• D. A p-value indicates clinical significance; a 95% CI guarantees replication.

Answer: (B)